Mouthwashes (also referred to as oral rinses) are a relevant complement to daily oral hygiene. Their appropriate use contributes to the prevention of various conditions, helps control bacterial load, promotes the balance of oral flora, and enhances the protection of teeth and gums.
However, it is important to emphasise that mouthwashes do not replace toothbrushing or the use of dental floss; they should only be used as a complement to proper oral hygiene.
Types of mouthwashes
In general, mouthwashes can be divided into two main categories:
Preventive mouthwashes
Intended for regular use, with the aim of maintaining oral health and preventing the onset of disease. They may be used daily, according to individual needs.
Therapeutic mouthwashes
Indicated in specific situations, such as gingivitis, infections, or post-treatment care. They should be used for a limited period and under professional guidance.
Main types and indications
Fluoride mouthwashes
Contribute to the remineralisation of tooth enamel, increase resistance to acids, and reduce the risk of dental caries. They are suitable for regular use, especially for individuals at higher risk of caries.
Antiseptic mouthwashes
Effective in reducing bacterial plaque and controlling gingivitis and periodontal disease. They should be used for limited periods, as prolonged use may disrupt the oral flora and cause undesirable effects.
Anti-plaque and anti-tartar mouthwashes
Help prevent the formation of bacterial plaque and reduce mineralisation that leads to tartar, contributing to improved gum health.
Mouthwashes for breath control
Provide an immediate sensation of freshness. However, they do not eliminate the underlying cause of bad breath, which may be associated with inadequate oral hygiene or oral and systemic conditions.
Anti-inflammatory mouthwashes
Contain soothing ingredients that help reduce inflammation, relieve irritation, and promote the regeneration of gingival tissues. They are particularly indicated for sensitive gums or mild inflammation.
Benefits of use
- Strengthen the protection of tooth enamel;
- Reduce oral bacterial load;
- Prevent the formation of plaque and tartar;
- Improve breath;
- Contribute to gum health;
- Reduce tooth sensitivity;
- Support recovery after dental procedures.
Limitations and precautions
- Do not replace brushing or flossing;
- Some products merely mask bad breath without addressing the cause;
- Mouthwashes containing alcohol are not suitable for children or certain clinical conditions;
- Prolonged use of antiseptic agents may cause an imbalance in oral flora, mucosal dryness, or altered taste;
- Some products may cause tooth staining.
How to use correctly
- Use after brushing your teeth;
- Follow the recommended rinsing time (approximately 40 seconds to 1–2 minutes);
- Do not swallow the product;
- Use the recommended amount (approximately 10–15 ml);
- Avoid eating or drinking for around 30 minutes after use;
- Always follow your dentist’s instructions.
How to choose the appropriate mouthwash
The choice of mouthwash should take into account each individual’s needs:
- For caries prevention – fluoride mouthwashes;
- For gum problems – anti-inflammatory or antiseptic mouthwashes;
- For daily use – mild, alcohol-free formulations;
- For short-term use and under professional supervision – chlorhexidine mouthwashes.
Whenever possible, the choice should be made with the advice of an oral health professional.
Mouthwashes are an effective complement in maintaining oral health when used appropriately. Their integration into daily routines can significantly contribute to disease prevention and overall oral well-being.
However, their use should be mindful and tailored to individual needs, ensuring that they do not replace basic oral hygiene practices.
Author: Maria Katyrova
2, April 2026
